Water Treatment Plant (WTP)
Today, water from any natural source is not completely safe for drinking. If contaminated water is consumed, it can cause various waterborne diseases. Therefore, water must be properly treated before it is supplied to consumers. A Water Treatment Plant (WTP) is used to treat raw water and make it safe for human consumption.
There are two main sources of water:
- Surface Water Sources
- Ponds
- Lakes
- Rivers
- Sea
- Dams and Reservoirs
- Groundwater Sources
- Wells
- Borewells
- Infiltration Wells
- Infiltration Galleries
- Springs
- Aquifers
The raw water collected from these sources is transported to the Water Treatment Plant for purification.
In a WTP, the following treatment processes are commonly used:
- Aeration
- Sedimentation (Coagulation & Flocculation)
- Filtration
- Disinfection
Let us explore each process in detail.
Aeration
Aeration is the process of bringing water into contact with air.
Purpose of Aeration
- To increase the concentration of Dissolved Oxygen (DO) in water
- To remove harmful gases from raw water
- To remove unpleasant odor from raw water
Common Types of Aerators Used in Water Treatment
- Gravity Aerators
- Cascade Aerators
- Multi-tray Aerators
- Fountain Aerators
- Diffused Aerators
- Mechanical Aerators
By using these aerators, air is mixed with water effectively to improve water quality before further treatment.
In the next blog, we will discuss the Sedimentation Process in detail.
Mr. Prashant Walke
Trainer & Coordinator
Water & Wastewater Management Course
AISSMS College Of Engineering
Pune